Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Microsoft Edge
Both
HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Edge
Set the directory to use for storing user data. If you enable this policy, Microsoft Edge uses the specified directory regardless of whether the user has set the '--user-data-dir' command-line flag. If you don't enable this policy, the default profile path is used, but the user can override it by using the '--user-data-dir' flag. Users can find the directory for the profile at edge://version/ under profile path. To avoid data loss or other errors, don't configure this policy to a volume's root directory or to a directory that's used for other purposes, because Microsoft Edge manages its contents. See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=2095041 for a list of variables that can be used. Example value: ${users}/${user_name}/Edge